/* EPOCH PROJECT#12 - "THE 7SEGMENT DISPLAY
IN THIS PROJECT WE'LL USE ONE OF THE FOUR 7-SEGMENT DISPLAYS TO DISPLAY NUMBERS FROM 0 THROUGH 9 WITHOUT THE USE OF A LIBRARY.  THIS IS SO THAT YOU CAN UNDERSTAND HOW THE DISPLAY WORKS.

CONNECTIONS:
CONNECT GPIO PINS 2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9 TO QUAD 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY PINS A/B/C/D/E/F/G/DOT RESPECTIVELY
CONNECT GPIO PIN 10 TO QUAD 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY PIN 1 
*/ 

#define pina 2 // THESE PINS CONTROL SEGMENTS 1A-G, AND DOT
#define pinb 3
#define pinc 4
#define pind 5
#define pine 6
#define pinf 7
#define ping 8
#define pindot 9   
#define control1 10 // This pin will be used to turn the display on and off

void setup()
{
  pinMode(pina,OUTPUT);  // DECLARE ALL PINS AS OUTPUTS
  pinMode(pinb,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinc,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pind,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pine,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pinf,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ping,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pindot,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(control1,OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(control1,HIGH);  // TURN THE DISPLAY ON.  SETTING THIS TO LOW WILL REMOVE POWER FROM THE SINGLE DISPLAY.
}

void loop()
{
  digitalWrite(control1,HIGH);  // TURN THE DISPLAY ON
  zero();                       // CALL FUNCTION ZERO (SEEN BELOW), THEN WAIT 500ms BEFORE CALLING FUNCTION "ONE" AND SO ON.
  delay(500);                   // WAIT HALF A SECOND (500ms) BEFORE MOVING TO THE NEXT INSTRUCTION.  PLAY WITH THESE DELAYS TO MAKE THE SEGMENT CHANGE FASTER.
  one();                        // LOOK BELOW AT THE zero() TO nine() FUNCTONS TO SEE HOW THEY WORK
  delay(500);
  two();
  delay(500);
  three();
  delay(500);
  four();
  delay(500);
  five();
  delay(500);
  six();
  delay(500);
  seven();
  delay(500);
  eight();
  delay(500);
  nine();
  delay(500);
  off();       // TURN ALL SEGMENTS OFF
  delay(1000); // WAIT ONE SECOND (1000ms) BEFORE STARTING THE LOOP OVER AGAIN.
}              // THIS IS THE END OF THE LOOP.  START OVER AT THE TOP


/*        BELOW IS A DIAGRAM OF THE SEGMENTS AND THE DOT ON THE LOWER RIGHT SIDE
    A
   ----
 F|    |B
  | G  |
   ----
 E|    |C
  | D  |
   ----
        O  DOT  
 */


void zero()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);      // BY SETTING A SEGMENT PIN LOW, YOU TURN IT ON.  
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,HIGH);     // BY SETTING A SEGMENT PIN HIGH, YOU TURN IT OFF.  
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);   // THIS IS THE DECIMAL ON THE LOWER RIGHT SIDE OF THE SEMGNET
}
  
void one()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(ping,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void two()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinf,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void three()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void four()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void five()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void six()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void seven()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(ping,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void eight ()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void nine()
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void off()  // BY SETTING ALL PINS TO HIGH, ALL SEGMENTS ARE TURNED OFF
{
  digitalWrite(pina,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinb,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinc,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pind,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pine,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pinf,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(ping,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pindot,HIGH);
}

void on()   // WHEN YOU CALL THIS FUNCTION, YOU'LL TURN ALL OF THE SEGMENTS ON.
{
  off();
  digitalWrite(pina,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinb,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinc,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pind,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pine,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pinf,LOW);
  digitalWrite(ping,LOW);
  digitalWrite(pindot,LOW);
}

// NOTES
// THERE IS LESS COMMENTING IN THIS CODE FOR A REASON.  NOTHING NEW IS REALLY COVERED HERE FROM A CODE PERSPECTIVE.  THERE'S A LOT OF TURNING SEGMENTS ON AND OFF WITH THE digitalRead COMMAND, AND A LOT OF FUNCTION CALLING, BUT NOT A LOT ELSE.
// CHANGE THE DELAYS BETWEEN WHEN THE NUMBERS CHANGE IN void loop().  
// IF YOU'RE BORED BY THIS PROJECT, THEN HOLD ON TOY OUR BUTTS.  THE NEXT PROJECT IS SUGNIFICANTTLY MORE CHALLENGING.